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1.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 38(2): e1620, abr.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408456

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa es una complicación frecuente en las hemopatías malignas, con incidencia similar a la observada en tumores sólidos de alto riesgo trombótico. Objetivo: Describir la influencia de factores de riesgo y biomarcadores de la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa asociada a hemopatías malignas y su aplicación en el diseño de modelos de evaluación de riesgo para la prevención de esta enfermedad. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva en la literatura especializada de artículos publicados sobre la temática a través de las bases de datos: PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Medline y el motor de búsqueda Google académico. Análisis y síntesis de la información: En pacientes con hemopatías malignas han sido descritos múltiples factores de riesgo para la ocurrencia de eventos tromboembólicos venosos: moleculares, relacionados con el paciente, la enfermedad y el tratamiento, así como biomarcadores de riesgo. Basados en ellos, varias investigaciones han sido desarrolladas para elaborar y validar modelos predictivos de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa que guíen la estratificación del riesgo y el tratamiento profiláctico de esta enfermedad en hemopatías malignas, aunque aún son insuficientes. Enfermedades como los linfomas y el mieloma múltiple tienen más investigaciones en esta área que el resto de las hemopatías malignas. Conclusión: Se necesita diseñar nuevos modelos de riesgo y validar los existentes en un mayor número de casos; así como desarrollar estudios prospectivos en pacientes con riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos y hemopatías malignas, para realizar una estrategia de prevención primaria personalizada con estratificación de la tromboprofilaxis(AU)


Introduction: Venous thromboembolic disease is a frequent complication in hematologic malignancies with incidence similar to that observed in solid tumors with high thrombotic risk. Objective: To describe the influence of risk factors and biomarkers of venous thromboembolic disease associated with hematologic malignancies and their application in the design of risk assessment models for the prevention of this disease. Methods: An exhaustive review was carried out in the specialized literature of articles published on the subject using the following databases: PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Medline and the academic Google search engine. Analysis and synthesis of the information: Multiple risk factors for the occurrence of venous thromboembolism have been described in patients with hematologic malignancies: patient-related, disease-related, treatment-related and molecular, as well as biomarkers of risk. Based on these, several investigations have been developed to elaborate and validate predictive venous thromboembolism models to guide risk stratification and prophylactic treatment of venous thromboembolic disease in hematologic malignancies, although they are still insufficient. Lymphomas and multiple myeloma have more research in this area than other hematologic malignancies. Conclusion: There is a need to design new risk models and validate existing ones in a larger number of cases, as well as to develop prospective studies in patients at risk of thromboembolic events and hematologic malignancies, to carry out a personalized primary prevention strategy with thromboprophylaxis stratification(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Prevention , Biomarkers , Risk Assessment , Hematologic Neoplasms/prevention & control , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Multiple Myeloma , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Cambios rev. méd ; 20(1): 26-32, 30 junio 2021. tabs.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1292714

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. El tromboembolismo venoso es una complicación prevenible en pacientes hospitalizados y la estratificación del riesgo mejora la seguridad del paciente, su valoración evita su ocurrencia. OBJETIVO. Evaluar el riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso y uso adecuado de terapia tromboprofiláctica en pacientes hospitalizados. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio analítico transversal. Población de 412 y muestra de 373 pacientes encuestados, distribuidos: 186 en Unidades Clínicas, 163 en Unidades Quirúrgicas y 24 en Obstetricia del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, desde el 21 al 23 de febrero del 2019. La tabulación y análisis de datos se realizó en el programa estadístico International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 21. RESULTADOS. Se categorizó como alto riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso al 76,67% (286; 373) de pacientes; 49,46% (144; 163) postquirúrgicos y 69,40% (129; 286) clínicos de alto riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso, recibiendo tromboprofilaxis farmacológica de forma adecuada el 38,80% (56; 144) de quirúrgicos y 57,40% (74; 129) de clínicos. CONCLUSIÓN. Se determinó que el uso de tromboprofilaxis no farmacológica y farmacológica con heparina de bajo peso molecular en pacientes hospitalizados con riesgo de tromboembolismo venoso, fue bajo.


INTRODUCTION. Venous thromboembolism is a preventable complication in hospitalized patients and risk stratification improves patient safety, its ocurrence is prevented by its assessment. OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the risk of venous thromboembolism and ade-quate use of thromboprophylactic therapy in hospitalized patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cross-sectional analytical study. Population of 412 and sample of 373 patients surveyed, distributed: 186 in clinical wards, 163 in surgical wards and 24 in obstetrics of the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital, from february 21 to 23, 2019. Data tabulation and analysis was performed in the statistical program International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21. RESULTS. 76,67% (286; 373) of patients were categorized as high risk of venous thromboembolism; 49,46% (144; 163) post-surgical and 69,40% (129; 286) clinical patients as high risk of venous thromboembo-lism, with 38,80% (56; 144) of surgical and 57,40% (74; 129) of clinical patients receiving adequate pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS. The use of nonpharma-cological and pharmacological thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin in hospitalized patients at risk of venous thromboembolism was low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Thromboembolism/drug therapy , Vascular Diseases/prevention & control , Veins , Heparin/therapeutic use , Venous Thrombosis/mortality , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Thrombolytic Therapy , Drug Therapy , Data Analysis , Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Anticoagulants
4.
Rev. bras. cancerol ; 67(1): e-01841, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146871

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O tromboembolismo venoso é uma condição potencialmente fatal e frequente no paciente oncológico. Muitas vezes, a anticoagulação é inviável, e a colocação do filtro de veia cava (FVC) torna-se uma opção. A indicação clínica, entretanto, é controversa e gera alto custo. Objetivo: Descrever as características demográficas, clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes com colocação de FVC e seu impacto na sobrevida global. Método: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva com pacientes em tratamento oncológico no INCA, que tiveram FVC implantado de janeiro/2015 até abril/2017. Na análise de sobrevida global em cinco anos, foram considerados o tempo entre o diagnóstico de câncer e o óbito por qualquer causa. Realizaram-se análise descritiva, estimativas de sobrevida (Kaplan-Meier) e regressão de Cox. Resultados: Foram incluídos 74 pacientes com média de idade 54 (+-15) anos. Em sua maioria, apresentavam tumores ginecológicos (52,7%) e digestivos (20,3%). O tempo mediano entre o diagnóstico de câncer e a colocação do FVC foi de 3,48 meses (0-203). No seguimento, foram observados 40 óbitos (54,1%) com mediana de tempo de 25 meses (IC 95%; 1,76-47,32). Na análise ajustada, verificou-se risco 5,63 vezes maior de morrer nos pacientes com colocação do FVC em até seis meses após o diagnóstico de câncer (HR=4,99; IC 95%; 2,20-11,33; p<0,001), e risco 2,47 vezes maior entre aqueles que não fizeram no pré-operatório (HR=2,47; IC 95%; 1,08-5,66; p=0,032). Conclusão: A colocação do FVC foi realizada com maior frequência em pacientes com tumores ginecológicos e em até seis meses após o diagnóstico de câncer foi associada a maior risco de óbito.


Introduction: Venous thromboembolism is a potentially fatal condition and frequent in oncologic patients. Quite often full anticoagulation is unfeasible, and placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter becomes an option. Clinical indication, however, is controversial and expensive. Objective: To describe the demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of oncologic patients submitted to IVC filter placement and their impact on global survival. Method: Retrospective cohort study with patients undergoing cancer treatment at INCA submitted to IVC filter placement from January 2015 to April 2017. Time between cancer diagnoses and death from any cause was considered for the analysis of the global 5-years survival. Descriptive analysis, survival estimates (Kaplan-Meyer) and Cox regression were performed. Results: 74 patients with a mean age of 54 (+15) years were included. Most of them had gynecological (52.7%) and digestive (20.3%) tumors. The median time between cancer diagnosis and IVC filter placement was 3.48 months (0-203). In the follow-up, 40 deaths (54.1%) were observed with a median time of 25 months (95% CI; 1.76 to 47.32). In the adjusted analysis, 5.63 times greater risk of death was verified in patients with IVC filter placement within six months after cancer diagnosis (HR=4.99; 95% CI; 2.20-11.33; p<0.001), and 2.47 times greater risk among those who did not do it at pre-operation (HR=2.47; 95% CI; 1.08-5.66; p=0.032). Conclusion: IVC filter placement was performed more frequently in patients with gynecological tumors and in until six months after cancer diagnosis was associated with increased risk of death.


Introducción: El tromboembolismo venoso es una afección potencialmente mortal y frecuente en pacientes con cáncer. La anticoagulación a menudo no es factible, y la colocación de un filtro de vena cava (FVC) se convierte en una opción. Sin embargo, las indicaciones clínicas son controvertidas y generan un alto costo. Objetivo: Describir las características demográficas, clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con colocación de CVF y su impacto en la supervivencia general. Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de pacientes sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer en INCA a quienes se les implantó FVC entre enero de 2015 y abril de 2017. En el análisis de la supervivencia general a cinco años, el tiempo transcurrido entre el diagnóstico de cáncer y la muerte cualquier causa Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, estimaciones de supervivencia (Kaplan-Meier) y regresión de Cox. Resultados: Se incluyeron 74 pacientes con una edad media de 54 (+-15) años. La mayoría de ellos tenían tumores ginecológicos (52,7%) y digestivos (20,3%). La mediana del tiempo entre el diagnóstico de cáncer y la colocación de FVC fue de 3,48 meses (0-203). En el período de seguimiento, se observaron 40 muertes (54,1%) con una mediana de tiempo de 25 meses (IC 95%: 1,76 a 47,32). En el análisis ajustado, se observó un riesgo de muerte 5,63 veces mayor en pacientes con colocación de FVC dentro de los seis meses posteriores al diagnóstico de cáncer (HR=4,99; IC 95%: 2,20-11,33; p<0,001) y 2,47 veces mayor riesgo entre aquellos que no lo hicieron antes de la operación (HR=2,47; IC 95%; 1,08-5,66; p=0,032). Conclusión: La colocación de FVC se realizó con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con tumores ginecológicos. La colocación de FVC dentro de los seis meses posteriores al diagnóstico de cáncer se asoció con un mayor riesgo de muerte.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Vena Cava Filters/adverse effects , Venous Thromboembolism/mortality , Neoplasms/mortality , Prognosis , Time Factors , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Genital Neoplasms, Female/complications , Genital Neoplasms, Female/mortality , Neoplasms/complications
6.
Brasília; s.n; 28 maio 2020. 23 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA, PIE | ID: biblio-1097366

ABSTRACT

O Informe Diário de Evidências é uma produção do Ministério da Saúde que tem como objetivo acompanhar diariamente as publicações científicas sobre tratamento farmacológico e vacinas para a COVID-19. Dessa forma, são realizadas buscas estruturadas em bases de dados biomédicas, referente ao dia anterior desse informe. Não são incluídos estudos pré-clínicos (in vitro, in vivo, in silico). A frequência dos estudos é demonstrada de acordo com a sua classificação metodológica (revisões sistemáticas, ensaios clínicos randomizados, coortes, entre outros). Para cada estudo é apresentado um resumo com avaliação da qualidade metodológica. Essa avaliação tem por finalidade identificar o grau de certeza/confiança ou o risco de viés de cada estudo. Para tal, são utilizadas ferramentas já validadas e consagradas na literatura científica, na área de saúde baseada em evidências. Cabe ressaltar que o documento tem caráter informativo e não representa uma recomendação oficial do Ministério da Saúde sobre a temática. Foram encontrados 11 artigos e 14 protocolos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Disease Progression , Betacoronavirus/drug effects , Chloroquine/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Ritonavir/therapeutic use , Drug Combinations , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Lopinavir/therapeutic use , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use
7.
Med. interna (Caracas) ; 36(1): 46-55, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1103078

ABSTRACT

Un alto porcentaje de pacientes hospitalizados puede presentar trombosis venosa profunda con sus corresponientes consecuencias. Objetivos: Determinar el riesgo y tratamiento profiláctico de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETEV) en pacientes hospitalizados. Métodos:investigación de tipo observacional, transversal y multicéntrica. Se aplicó la escala de Caprini para identificar factores de riesgo en pacientes hospitalizados de cuatro hospitales del área Metropolitana de Caracas. Por otra parte, se aplicó una encuesta a médicos residentes y especialistas de las distintas sedes hospitalarias para determinar su conocimiento en profilaxis para ETEV. Resultados: Se registraron 851 pacientes hospitalizados con edad 48,6 + 19,3 años, con predominio del género masculino (59 %). Estaban en servicios quirúrgicos 489 pacientes (57,5 %) y servicios médicos 362 pacientes (42,5 %). Según la escala de Caprini 154 pacientes (18,1 %) estaban en riesgo moderado, y 642 pacientes (75,4 %) en riesgo alto. Recibieron tratamiento profiláctico 61 pacientes (7,7 %), siendo la medicación y la dosis adecuada solo en el 32,8 % de estos pacientes. En cuanto al conocimiento de ETEV, el 96,9 % de los médicos conoce la enfermedad, pero solo el 58,5 % reconoce la embolia pulmonar como parte de esta entidad. Solo el 49,2 % de los encuestados conoce o aplica escalas de riesgo para esta enfermedad. El tratamiento farmacológico es conocido por el 93,8 % de los médicos. Solo el 56,6 % de los médicos realiza seguimiento a los pacientes, siendo el lapso menor de 3 meses el más frecuente (40 %). Conclusiones: en nuestro estudio hay predominio de pacientes con alto riesgo para ETEV. El uso de profilaxis farmacológica es muy bajo. El conocimiento de escalas de riesgo no es adecuado(AU)


Venous thromboembolic disease is frequent in hospitalized patients.Objectives: To determine the risk and prophylactic therapy of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) in patients with medical and surgical pathologies according to the Caprini scale. Methods: an observational, transversal and multicenter research was performed. The Caprini scale was applied to identify risk factors in medical and surgical hospitalized patients of four hospitals in the metropolitan area of Caracas. Also, a survey was applied to residents and specialists from the different hospitals to determine the knowledge about prophylactic treatment for VTE. Results: we registered 851 hospitalized patients with an age of 48,6 + 19,3 years, mainly men (59 %). There were 489 surgical patients (57,5 %) and 362 medical patients (42,5 %). According to Caprini risk scale 154 patients (18,1 %) were at middle risk and 642 patients (75,4 %) were at high risk. Prophylactic treatment was indicated in 61 patients (7,7 %), this treatment was adequate (doses and drug type) only in 32 % of these patients. About the ETV, 96,9 % of the medical doctors had knowledge of this illness, but only 58,5 % recognize pulmonary embolism as part of this entity. Only 49,2 % knows or applies risk scales for ETV. 56,6 % follows the patients, more frequently for less of 3 months (40 %). Conclusions: we found is a high predominance of moderate to high risk patients for ETV. Pharmacological prophylaxis was very low. ETV risk scales knowlegde is not adequate(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Embolism , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Patient Care , Hospitalization , Risk Factors , Disease Prevention
8.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(8): 427-430, sept 2019. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1023136

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyse a patient dignosed in our hospital as having pylephlebitis. The patient is a 29 years old male, and we must consider that pylophlebitis refers to the septic thrombosis of the portal venous system, associated to some kind of infectious process. Can occur related to acute appendicitis, colonic diverticulitis and cholangitis, among others. Is a rare but close to a significant morbidity and mortality, since it can develop to an abdominal sepsis. The management review of the case reported, is presented (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Appendicitis/complications , Portal System , Portal Vein/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Sepsis , Venous Thromboembolism/complications
9.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 34(2): 268-273, apr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015989

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Abdominoplastia consiste em um dos procedimentos estéticos mais populares realizados no Brasil. Pacientes pósbariátricos representam um desafio peculiar ao cirurgião plástico, uma vez que não só requerem reconstruções complexas, mas também apresentam comorbidades residuais e deficiências nutricionais. O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) constitui uma complicação grave e potencialmente fatal da abdominoplastia. Apesar da pequena frequência desta complicação, os métodos aceitos como padrões para prevenção de TEV em pacientes após abdominoplastia, incluindo quimioprofilaxia, permanecem controversos. Objetivo: Avaliar a experiência do autor com rivaroxabana para profilaxia de TEV em pacientes submetidos a abdominoplastia após grande perda ponderal. Métodos: Uma série de 396 casos foi conduzida retrospectivamente. Todos os pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia após cirurgia bariátrica que receberam rivaroxabana foram incluídos. A dose profilática foi de 10mg por dia. Dados demográficos, comorbidades, tipo de cirurgia e complicações foram registrados. Resultados: 396 casos de pacientes pós-bariátricos (356 mulheres e 40 homens) foram submetidos à abdominoplastia e receberam rivaroxabana no pós-operatório, de julho de 2015 a julho de 2018. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 39,1 anos. O índice de massa corporal médio no momento da abdominoplastia foi de 27,2kg/m². Houve apenas um caso de tromboembolismo venoso (0,25%). Treze pacientes apresentaram hematoma com necessidade de drenagem. Conclusões: A quimioprofilaxia de rotina com rivaroxabana para pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia após grande perda ponderal revela uma baixa incidência de TEV. Esta medicação oral é bem tolerada e apresenta um perfil de complicação aceitável.


Introduction: Abdominoplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures performed in Brazil. Postbariatric patients present a challenge to the plastic surgeon as not only do they have complex reconstructive challenges but also they have residual medical comorbidities and nutritional deficiencies. A serious and potentially fatal complication of abdominoplasty is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the frequency of this serious complication, the accepted standard methods to prevent VTE in abdominoplasty patients, including chemoprophylaxis, remain controversy. Objective: To evaluate the author experience with rivaroxaban, for VTE prophylaxis in abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss. Methods: A retrospective 396 cases series were conducted. All patients who underwent abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery and received rivaroxaban were included. The prophylactic dose was 10 mg daily for 30 days, beginning 24 hours postoperatively. Patient demographics, comorbidities, type of surgery and complications were recorded. Results: From July 2015 until July 2018, 396 post bariatric patients (356 women and 40 men) underwent abdominoplasty and received rivaroxaban postoperatively. The mean body mass index prior to their weight loss procedure was 43.8kg/m2 (range, 37.3- 61.9kg/m2) and mean BMI was 27.2kg/m² at the time of the abdominoplasty. Mean patient age was 39.1 years. Only one patient had a symptomatic PTE event. Thirteen patients had a hematoma requiring operative evacuation, and all went on to heal without sequel. Conclusions: Routine chemoprophylaxis with rivaroxaban for abdominoplasty patients after massive weight loss has a low rate of VTE events. This oral medication is well tolerated and has an acceptable complication profile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Surgery, Plastic/adverse effects , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Venous Thrombosis/surgery , Venous Thrombosis/physiopathology , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/physiopathology , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Abdominoplasty/adverse effects , Abdominoplasty/methods , Rivaroxaban/adverse effects , Rivaroxaban/therapeutic use , Rivaroxaban/pharmacology
10.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 53(2): 183-192, jun. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019252

ABSTRACT

El factor von Willebrand (VWF) es una glucoproteína altamente polimórfica. Se describen aquí diferentes variantes genéticas asintomáticas altamente frecuentes, sus influencias sobre los estudios fenotípicos, en los niveles plasmáticos del mismo, y por consiguiente en diferentes entidades clínicas. Se detallan también variaciones en la frecuencia alélica según las etnias analizadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue alertar sobre la necesidad de conocer la frecuencia de los polimorfismos en la población normal para evitar posibles conclusiones erróneas al momento del hallazgo de cambios no previamente reportados en la literatura científica.


The von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a highly polymorphic glycoprotein. Several frequent asymptomatic genetic variants, their influences on phenotypic studies, on the plasma levels of VWF, and therefore in different clinical entities are described here. Variations in allele frequency in different ethnic groups analyzed are also detailed. The aim of this study was to highlight the need to know the frequency of polymorphisms in the normal population to avoid possible erroneous conclusions at the time of finding genetic variants not previously reported in the scientific literature.


O fator von Willebrand (VWF) é uma glicoproteína altamente polimórfica. Diversas variantes genéticas assintomáticas muito frequentes são descritas aqui, suas influências em estudos fenotípicos, nos níveis plasmáticos de VWF e, portanto, em diferentes entidades clínicas. Variações na frequência alélica também são detalhadas segundo diferentes grupos étnicos analisados. O objetivo desse trabalho é alertar sobre a necessidade de conhecer a frequência dos polimorfismos na população normal, a fim de evitar possíveis conclusões errôneas no momento de encontrar variações genéticas não relatadas anteriormente na literatura científica.


Subject(s)
Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Thrombosis , Hemostasis , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/diagnosis , Pharmacogenomic Variants , Genotype
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(2): 145-152, Feb. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004326

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a risk factor for cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. Aim: To evaluate the association between high MPV and 90-day mortality after an episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort of 594 patients with a median age of 73 years (58% women) with a first episode VTE, included in an institutional Thromboembolic Disease registry between 2014 and 2015. MPV values were obtained from the automated blood cell count measured at the moment of VTE diagnosis. Volumes ≥ 11 fL were classified as high. All patients were followed for 90 days to assess survival. Results: The main comorbidities were cancer in 221 patients (37%), sepsis in 172 (29%) and coronary artery disease in 107 (18%). Median MPV was 8 fl (8-9), brain natriuretic peptide 2,000 pg/ml (1,025-3,900) and troponin 40 pg/ml (19.5-75). Overall mortality was 20% (121/594) during the 90 days of follow-up. Thirty three deaths occurred within 7 days and 43 within the first month. The loss of patients from follow-up was 5% (28/594) at 90 days. Mortality among patients with high MP was 36% (23/63). The crude mortality hazard ratio (HR) for high MPV was 2.2 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.4-3.5). When adjusted for sepsis, oncological disease, heart disease, kidney failure and surgery, the mortality HR of high MPV was 2.4 (CI95% 1.5-3.9) in the VTE group, 2.3 (CI95% 1.5-4.4) in the deep venous thrombosis group, and 2.9 (CI95% 1.6 −5.6) in the pulmonary embolism group. Conclusions: High MPV is an independent risk factor for mortality following an episode of VTE.


Antecedentes: El volumen plaquetario medio (VPM) es un factor de riesgo de complicaciones cardiovasculares y enfermedades inflamatorias. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre VPM alto y la mortalidad a los 90 días después de un episodio de tromboembolismo venoso (ETV). Material y Métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva de 594 pacientes adultos con una edad media de 73 años (58% mujeres) con un primer episodio de ETV incluidos en un registro de enfermedad tromboembólica institucional entre 2014 y 2015. Se obtuvieron valores de VPM desde el hemograma tomado en el momento del diagnóstico de ETV y un volumen ≥ 11 fL fue clasificado como alto. Todos los pacientes fueron seguidos durante 90 días para determinar sobrevida. Resultados: Las comorbilidades fueron cáncer en 221 pacientes (37%), sepsis en 172 (29%) y enfermedad coronaria en 107 (18%). La mediana de VPM fue 8 fl (89), el péptido natriurético cerebral fue de 2.000 pg/ml (1.025-3.900) y la troponina fue de 40 pg/ml (19,5-75). La mortalidad global a 90 días fue 20% (121/594). Treinta y tres muertes ocurrieron dentro de los 7 días y 43 en el primer mes. La pérdida de seguimiento de pacientes fue de 5% (28/594) a los 90 días. La mortalidad en el grupo con VPM alto fue 36% (23/63). La razón de riesgo (HR) cruda de la mortalidad para un VPM alto fue de 2,2 (intervalos de confianza (IC) de 95% 1,4-3,5). Cuando se ajustó por sepsis, enfermedad oncológica, enfermedad cardíaca, insuficiencia renal y cirugía, la HR de muerte para un VPM alto fue de 2,4 (IC95% 1,5-3,9) en el grupo de ETV; 2,3 (IC95% 1,5-4,4) en el grupo de trombosis venosa profunda; y 2,9 (CI95% 1,6 −5,6) en el grupo de embolia pulmonar. Conclusiones: Un VPM alto es un factor de riesgo independiente de mortalidad después de un episodio de ETV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Venous Thromboembolism/mortality , Mean Platelet Volume , Peptide Fragments/blood , Prognosis , Pulmonary Embolism/mortality , Pulmonary Embolism/blood , Troponin/blood , Blood Platelets , Survival Analysis , Acute Disease , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Sepsis/complications , Risk Assessment , Venous Thrombosis/mortality , Venous Thrombosis/blood , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/blood , Neoplasms/complications
12.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(5)set.-out. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-914718

ABSTRACT

Background: The SAMe-TT2R2 score was introduced to identify atrial fibrillation patients with a high risk of not achieving a good time in therapeutic range (TTR) during vitamin K antagonists (VKA) therapy. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate this score in venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients. Patients and methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients receiving care at the outpatient anticoagulation clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients were classified as having low (score 0-1) or high risk (score ≥2) of not achieving a good TTR. The area under the ROC curve was calculated to assess the ability of the score to predict a TTR ≥ 65%. Adverse event-free survival curves according to the SAMe-TT2 R2 score were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We investigated 111 patients during a median follow-up of 2.3 (0.7-6.4) years. Mean age was 54.1 ± 15.7 years and 71 (64.0%) were women. Low- and high-risk groups had similar mean TTR (51.9 vs. 49.6%; p = 0.593). The two groups did not differ significantly in the percentage of patients achieving a TTR ≥ 65% (35.6 vs. 25.8%; p =0.370). The c-statistic was 0.595 (p = 0.113) for TTR ≥ 65%. Adverse event-free survival during anticoagulation was also similar in both groups (p = 0.136).Conclusions: The SAMe-TT2R2 score does not seem to be a useful tool in oral anticoagulation decision-making for patients with VTE and should not be used in this setting


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Anticoagulants , Decision Support Techniques , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/physiopathology , Atrial Fibrillation , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Stroke
13.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(3)jul.-set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-916048

ABSTRACT

Contexto: O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) representa uma preocupação crescente nas instituições hospitalares, tem grande impacto sobre a morbimortalidade em pacientes clínicos e cirúrgicos, e é a principal causa de morte evitável hospitalar. Embora existam modelos de avaliação de risco para pacientes hospitalizados, a profilaxia ainda é subutilizada ou é feita de forma incorreta. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil de risco para TEV de pacientes clínicos e cirúrgicos recém-internados, bem como as medidas tromboprofiláticas aplicadas nas primeiras 24 horas de internação. Métodos: Este estudo transversal foi realizado em um hospital geral de grande porte do interior do estado de São Paulo entre março e julho de 2015. Os escores de Pádua e Caprini foram utilizados para estratificação de risco dos pacientes clínicos e cirúrgicos, respectivamente, enquanto a análise das medidas tromboprofiláticas baseou-se nas recomendações do 8º e 9º Consenso do American College of Chest Physicians. Resultados: Foram analisados 592 pacientes (62% clínicos e 38% cirúrgicos). A estratificação de risco revelou necessidade de quimioprofilaxia em 42% dos pacientes clínicos e 81% dos cirúrgicos (51% de alto risco e 30% de moderado risco). Por outro lado, receberam profilaxia adequada nas primeiras 24 horas de internação 54% dos pacientes clínicos de alto risco, 85% dos cirúrgicos de alto risco e 4% dos cirúrgicos de moderado risco, todos sem contraindicação. Conclusões: Há necessidade de aprimoramento da segurança do paciente em relação ao TEV já nas primeiras horas de internação. Existe uma subutilização da quimioprofilaxia especialmente nos pacientes clínicos de alto risco e cirúrgicos de moderado risco


Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a cause for growing concern in hospitals, has great impact on morbidity and mortality in clinical and surgical patients, and is the leading cause of preventable hospital deaths. Although there are risk assessment models for hospital inpatients, prophylaxis is still underused or is administered incorrectly. Objectives: To assess the risk profile for VTE in recently hospitalized clinical and surgical patients and evaluate the thromboprophylactic measures implemented in the first 24 hours of hospitalization. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a large general hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, between March and July 2015. Padua and Caprini scores were used for risk stratification of clinical and surgical patients, respectively, while thromboprophylactic measures were analyzed for compliance with the recommendations contained in the 8th and 9th Consensus of the American College of Chest Physicians. Results: A total of 592 patients (62% clinical and 38% surgical) were assessed. Risk stratification revealed a need for chemoprophylaxis in 42% of clinical patients and 81% of surgical patients (51% high risk and 30% moderate risk). However, 54% of high-risk clinical patients, 85% of high-risk surgical patients, and 4% of moderate-risk surgical patients, who were free from contraindications, were actually given the correct prophylaxis in the first 24 hours of hospitalization. Conclusions: There is a need to improve patient safety in relation to VTE in the first hours of hospitalization, since there is underutilization of chemoprophylaxis, especially in high-risk clinical patients and moderate-risk surgical patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Disease Prevention , Hospitals , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Chemoprevention/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Heparin/therapeutic use , Hospitalization , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Mobility Limitation , Obesity , Risk Factors , Therapeutics , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy
14.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 33(1): 33-38, jan.-mar. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-883631

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A abdominoplastia é uma cirurgia estética muito realizada, na qual o risco de tromboembolismo (TEV) deve ser considerado pelos fatores predisponentes envolvidos e por sua gravidade. Não há, até o momento, protocolos bem definidos para profilaxia de TEV em Cirurgia Plástica. O objetivo é apresentar um protocolo de profilaxia de TEV utilizado no serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do HMCP - PUC Campinas, mostrando a incidência de TEV nas abdominoplastias antes e após o início do protocolo, bem como a incidência de hematomas após, no período total de 6 anos. Métodos: Revisão de prontuários de pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2015, identificando os casos de TEV nesse período, associados ou não ao emprego de profilaxia farmacológica, e os de hematoma após início do protocolo. Resultados: O protocolo de profilaxia de TEV que é utilizado no serviço desde 2014 tem como base o protocolo de Anger e inclui medidas não farmacológicas e farmacológicas. Foram analisados 243 prontuários nesse estudo. Após início do protocolo, não foi evidenciado nenhum caso de TEV nos 74 pacientes submetidos à abdominoplastia e foi observado apenas um caso de hematoma. Já antes do mesmo, 2 casos de TEV ocorreram entre 169 pacientes operados. Conclusão: Após a adoção do protocolo de profilaxia de TEV, alcançamos uma incidência de TEV de 0% nas abdominoplastias nesse período, enquanto a mesma foi de 1,18% antes do protocolo. Já a incidência de hematomas após foi de 1,35%, comparável a taxas da literatura para a cirurgia sem a utilização de profilaxia farmacológica.


Introduction: Abdominoplasty is an accomplished cosmetic surgery, in which the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) must be considered, based on the predisposing factors involved and their severity. There are, to date, no well-defined protocols for VTE prophylaxis in plastic surgery. The objective of this paper is to present a protocol for the prophylaxis of VTE used in the Plastic Surgery Service of the Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro (HMCP) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) de Campinas in São Paulo (SP), while also showing the incidence of VTE in patients undergoing abdominoplasties before and after initiation of the protocol, as well as the incidence of hematomas after the total period of 6 years. Methods: For the creation of this protocol, medical records of patients who underwent abdominoplasty from January 2010 to December 2015 were revised, identifying cases of VTE in this period, associated or not with the use of pharmacological prophylaxis, and those of hematoma after initiation of the protocol. Results: The protocol for prophylaxis of VTE that has been used in the service since 2014 is based on the Anger Protocol and includes non-pharmacological measures and pharmacological measures. Two hundred and forty-three medical records were analyzed in this study. After initiation of the protocol, no cases of VTE were observed in the 74 patients who underwent abdominoplasty, and only one case of hematoma was observed. Before the protocol was initiated, VTE developed in 2 cases among 169 operated patients. Conclusion: After adopting the VTE prophylaxis protocol, we achieved an incidence of 0% VTE in the abdominoplasties in this period, compared to an incidence of 1.18% before the protocol. The incidence of bruising after surgery was 1.35%, which is comparable to rates in the literature for surgery without the use of pharmacological prophylaxis.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Retrospective Studies , Chemoprevention , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Guidelines as Topic , Abdomen , Venous Thromboembolism , Abdominoplasty , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Surgery, Plastic/rehabilitation , Chemoprevention/adverse effects , Chemoprevention/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Guidelines as Topic/analysis , Guidelines as Topic/methods , Venous Thromboembolism/surgery , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy , Abdominoplasty/adverse effects , Abdominoplasty/methods , Abdomen/surgery
15.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(4): f:308-l:313, out.-dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-880692

ABSTRACT

Existe uma estreita relação entre o tromboembolismo venoso e o câncer. Pacientes com neoplasias apresentam maior incidência de eventos tromboembólicos em sua evolução clínica. A ocorrência desses eventos é considerada um marcador preditivo negativo nesse grupo de pacientes. Revisamos, então, a ativação dos mecanismos de coagulação neste grupo de pacientes. Trata-se de um processo complexo e multifatorial, relacionado tanto a características tumorais, estadiamento clínico, agressividade da doença e sítios tumorais, dentre outros. Novos biomarcadores vêm sendo pesquisados ao longo dos anos na tentativa de correlacioná-los ao risco trombótico, visando uma intervenção que melhore a evolução clínica desses pacientes oncológicos


There is a strong relationship between venous thromboembolism and cancer. Patients with tumors have a higher incidence of thromboembolic events in their clinical evolution. The occurrence of such events is considered a negative predictive marker in this group of patients. Thus, we aim to review activation of coagulation mechanisms in this group of patients. Activation of coagulation mechanisms in cancer patients is a complex and multifactorial process, related to tumor characteristics, clinical staging, the disease's aggressiveness, tumor sites, and additional factors caused by disease progression. New biomarkers have been under investigation over the years in the attempt to correlate them to the risk of thrombosis, aiming to develop interventions that improve the clinical evolution of these cancer patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neoplasms , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Age Factors , Biomarkers , Blood Coagulation , Pulmonary Artery , Pulmonary Embolism , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Venous Thrombosis
16.
J. vasc. bras ; 16(3): f:199-l:204, jul.-set. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-876806

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Embora preconizada, a profilaxia de tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) deixa de ser realizada sistematicamente em pacientes internados. Objetivo: Verificar se os pacientes hospitalizados recebem a prescrição correta da profilaxia de TEV do médico responsável por sua internação, conforme sua categoria de risco. Métodos: Estudo transversal com análise de prontuários de pacientes internados no Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, PR, entre 20 de março e 25 de maio de 2015. Excluíram-se os pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes ou com sangramento ativo. Analisou-se gênero, idade, tipo de cobertura de saúde, especialidade responsável pelo paciente e fatores de risco dos pacientes para classificá-los em alto, moderado ou baixo risco para TEV. Comparou-se o uso ou não da profilaxia entre as prescrições das especialidades clínicas e cirúrgicas, pacientes internados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e por convênios e de acordo com seu risco para TEV. Resultados: Dos 78 pacientes avaliados, oito preencheram os critérios de exclusão. Dos 70 pacientes elegíveis (média etária 56,9 anos; 41 homens; 62 cobertos pelo SUS), 31 eram tratados por clínicos e 39 por cirurgiões. Apenas 46 (65,71%) pacientes receberam profilaxia para TEV. Dentre os pacientes clínicos, 29 (93,5%) receberam profilaxia, contra 17 (43,6%) do grupo cirúrgico (p < 0,001). Pacientes clínicos de moderado e alto risco receberam mais profilaxia que os cirúrgicos (p < 0,001 e p = 0,002). Não houve diferenças quanto à cobertura de saúde (SUS versus convênios médicos). Conclusões: No Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, pacientes cirúrgicos estão menos protegidos de eventos tromboembólicos em relação aos clínicos


Background: Although prophylaxis to prevent venous thromboembolism is recommended, it is rarely systematically performed in hospitalized patients. Objective: To investigate whether hospitalized patients are given the correct VTE prophylaxis prescription by the physician responsible for them while in hospital, analyzed by risk category. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on analysis of medical records for patients admitted to the Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, from March 20 to May 25, 2015. Patients on anticoagulants or with active bleeding were excluded. The following variables were analyzed: sex, age, type of healthcare coverage, specialty responsible for the patient, and patients' risk factors to classify them as at high, moderate, or low risk of VTE. Use or not of prophylaxis was compared across prescriptions made by clinical and surgical specialties, between patients treated on the Brazilian National Health Service (SUS - Sistema Único de Saúde) and private health insurance, and according to patients' risk of VTE. Results: Eight of the 78 patients assessed met exclusion criteria. The remaining 70 eligible patients had a mean age of 56.9 years, 41 were male, 62 were treated on the SUS, 31 were treated by clinicians, and 39 were treated by surgeons. Just 46 (65.71%) patients were given prophylaxis for VTE. Among the clinical patients, 29 (93.5%) were given prophylaxis, against 17 (43.6%) in the surgical group (p < 0.001). Moderate and high risk clinical patients were more likely to be given prophylaxis than surgical patients (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). There were no differences with relation to type of healthcare coverage (SUS vs. private healthcare). Conclusions: At the Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia in Curitiba, surgical patients are less well protected from thromboembolic events than clinical patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Disease Prevention , Patients , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Age Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Therapy/methods , Heparin/administration & dosage , Hospitalization , Risk Factors , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis
18.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(1): e17-e20, feb. 2016. ilus, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838169

ABSTRACT

Durante la niñez, la tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP) es una afección poco frecuente, aunque potencialmente mortal. El mayor número de episodios de tromboemblia venosa (TEV) es resultado de complicaciones de factores de riesgo subyacentes, tales como tumores malignos, quimioterapia (L-asparaginasa) y colocación de un catéter venoso central. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con leucemia linfocítica aguda y TEP que tuvo un presíncope y fue tratado satisfactoriamente con heparina de bajo peso molecular y antagonistas del calcio.


In childhood, pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is an uncommonbut potentially life-threatening disease. The greater numbers of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are complications of underlying risk factors such as malignancies, chemotherapy (L-asparaginase), and central venous catheter. We report a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and PTE, who presented with near-syncope, and was successfully treated with low molecular weight heparin and calcium channel blockers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Risk Factors , Fatal Outcome , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy
19.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 26(3): 185-197, 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-786571

ABSTRACT

Venous thromboembolic disease is the leading preventable cause of hospital mortality. Up to 75 percent of these are in non - surgical patients. This is a large, heterogeneous group of patients; so to know the risk factors for deep venous thrombosis crucial to provide a correct prevention. This article reviewed the indications, contraindications and complications of thromboprophylaxis. Difficult cases in elderly, obese, chronic kidney disease, critical care and cirrhotic patients were reviewed. The purpose of this article is to support decision – making on dvt prevention in hospitalized medical patients...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Hospitalization , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Risk Factors
20.
J. vasc. bras ; 13(1): 5-11, Jan-Mar/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709790

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious, common disease whose complications include pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and postthrombotic syndrome. The importance and benefits of correct and effective pharmacological prophylaxis for DVT are well documented. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate adequacy of prophylaxis for DVT and PTE at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa (SCMPG), Paraná, Brazil, and determine risk stratification for patients hospitalized in this institution. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted to assess DVT prophylaxis of patients hospitalized on May 15th, 2009. The study population consisted of a sample of 104 patients, subdivided into clinical and surgical groups and stratified into different specialties. Correct use of DVT prophylaxis was evaluated according to recommendations published by The Brazilian Society for Angiology and Vascular Surgery and took into account prophylactic methods specified explicitly in information found in each patient's medical chart. RESULTS: Of the 104 patients interviewed, 51 (49.04%) were clinical patients and 53 (50.96%) surgical. Based on risk stratification, 17 (16.35%) were classified as low risk, 37 (35.58%) as moderate risk, 46 (44.23%) as high risk and 4 (3.85%) as extremely high risk for DVT/PTE. A total of 68 patients (65.38%) received prophylaxis, but of these only 56 (53.85%) received the correct prophylaxis, and 36 (34.62%) did not receive any prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: The rates of prophylaxis use for DVT and PTE in this service are higher than rates published in the literature. .


CONTEXTO: A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) é uma doença frequente e grave, tendo como complicações o tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) e a síndrome pós-trombótica. A importância e os benefícios de uma correta e efetiva profilaxia medicamentosa em relação à TVP estão bem documentados. OBJETIVOS: Este trabalho tem por objetivos avaliar a adequação das profilaxias de TVP e TEP na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ponta Grossa (SCMPG), Paraná, e estratificar o perfil de risco. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo de coorte, com a finalidade de avaliar a profilaxia da TVP nos pacientes internados no dia 15 de maio de 2009. Uma amostra de 104 pacientes foi dividida em grupos clínico e cirúrgico, e estratificada em diferentes especialidades. A correta utilização da profilaxia para TVP foi avaliada segundo recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV), considerando-se métodos profiláticos presentes nas informações explícitas encontradas na prescrição médica de cada paciente. RESULTADOS: Dos 104 pacientes entrevistados, 51 (49,04%) eram pacientes clínicos e 53 (50,96%) eram cirúrgicos. De acordo com a estratificação do risco, 17 (16,35%) foram classificados como baixo risco, 37 (35,58%) como risco moderado, 46 (44,23%) como alto risco e 4 (3,85%) como altíssimo risco para TVP e TEP. Do total de pacientes, 68 (65,38%) receberam profilaxia, sendo que, deste número, apenas 56 (53,85%) receberam uma profilaxia correta e 36 (34,62%) não receberam nenhuma profilaxia. CONCLUSÕES: As profilaxias de TVP e TEP neste serviço apresentam uma aderência superior aos índices encontrados em trabalhos publicados na literatura. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Venous Thromboembolism/complications , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Cohort Studies , Risk Factors
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